HDMI Versions: What They Mean for Consoles

What is HDMI and why it matters

HDMI is the standard cable connection that carries video and audio from a console to a TV or monitor. Every home console uses an HDMI port, and the version of that port determines how much data can flow between the console and the screen.

The version number, such as HDMI 2.0 or 2.1, tells you the maximum bandwidth the connection supports. Higher bandwidth allows for higher resolutions, faster refresh rates, and additional features like HDR and variable refresh rate (VRR). When a console and TV have mismatched versions, the connection falls back to the lower capability.

HDMI 2.0 vs 2.1: the key differences

HDMI 2.0 supports 4K resolution at up to 60Hz, which is fine for many games and movies. HDMI 2.1 increases bandwidth to support 4K at 120Hz, 8K at 60Hz, and features like VRR and auto low latency mode (ALLM).

For consoles, the version matters because some models are designed to output 4K at 120Hz, as stated on their official pages. For example, the Xbox Series X page mentions 'True 4K gaming' and 'up to 120 FPS', which requires HDMI 2.1 to fully deliver. The Nintendo Switch 2 page states support for 'frame rates up to 120 fps' and '4K resolution' when connected to a TV, also implying HDMI 2.1 capabilities.

If your TV only has HDMI 2.0 ports, a console that can output 4K at 120Hz will be limited to 4K at 60Hz or lower. This is a common reason to check both the console and TV specifications before buying.

Older HDMI versions and what they limit

Older HDMI versions, such as 1.4, support up to 4K at 30Hz or 1080p at 60Hz. These are common on older TVs and budget monitors. If you connect a modern console to an HDMI 1.4 port, you may not get the full resolution or refresh rate the console can produce.

For handheld consoles like the Steam Deck, the HDMI version on the dock or adapter matters when connecting to a TV. The Steam Deck page does not list a specific HDMI version, so you would need to check the dock's specifications. In general, a dock with HDMI 2.0 supports 4K at 60Hz, while HDMI 2.1 is needed for 4K at 120Hz.

When reading a console listing, look for the HDMI version in the specifications. If it is not stated, you may need to check the official product page or contact the seller.

Features tied to HDMI version

Beyond resolution and refresh rate, HDMI version affects features like HDR (High Dynamic Range) and VRR (Variable Refresh Rate). HDR improves color and contrast, but requires HDMI 2.0 or later for proper support. VRR reduces screen tearing by syncing the console's output with the TV's refresh rate, and it is a key feature of HDMI 2.1.

The Nintendo Switch 2 page mentions support for HDR and VRR, but notes that 'HDR and VRR support vary by game' and that 'VRR is only possible when playing Nintendo Switch 2 in handheld and tabletop modes.' This shows that even with a compatible HDMI version, the feature may not be available in all modes.

For the Xbox Series X, the page mentions '8K HDR' and 'Dolby Vision' support, which are features that require HDMI 2.1 for full effect. If your TV does not support these, you may not see the benefit.

Checking your TV's HDMI ports

Before buying a console, check the HDMI version of your TV or monitor. Look for the HDMI port labels on the back of the TV, or check the manual. Many TVs have multiple HDMI ports, and only some may support the latest version.

If your TV only has HDMI 2.0, you can still use a console that supports HDMI 2.1, but you will be limited to 4K at 60Hz. This may be acceptable if you do not need 120Hz output. For a budget setup, HDMI 2.0 is often sufficient for most games.

If you are buying a new TV, consider one with HDMI 2.1 to future-proof your setup. This is especially important if you plan to buy a console that supports 4K at 120Hz, such as the Xbox Series X or PlayStation 5.

Cables and adapters: what to know

The HDMI cable itself also matters. Older cables may not support the bandwidth of HDMI 2.1. Look for cables labeled 'Ultra High Speed' or 'HDMI 2.1' to ensure they can carry the signal.

For handheld consoles, a dock or adapter is often needed to connect to a TV. The dock's HDMI version determines the output capability. For example, a dock with HDMI 2.0 will support 4K at 60Hz, while HDMI 2.1 is needed for 4K at 120Hz.

When buying a dock or cable, check the specifications to match your console and TV. If you are unsure, a high-quality HDMI 2.1 cable is a safe choice for most setups.

What to pick for your situation

The right HDMI version depends on your TV and how you plan to play. If you have a 4K TV with HDMI 2.1 and want the highest refresh rate, choose a console that supports HDMI 2.1. If your TV is older or you are on a budget, HDMI 2.0 may be enough.

For handheld consoles, the HDMI version is less critical if you play mostly in handheld mode. But if you plan to dock to a TV, check the dock's HDMI version to ensure it matches your TV's capabilities.

Use the guides below to compare consoles based on their stated specifications, including HDMI version, resolution, and refresh rate. See our best gaming consoles for a full comparison, or focus on Xbox consoles and PlayStation consoles for home setups. For handheld options, check Nintendo Switch consoles. If you are on a budget, see budget consoles, and for the highest-end features, look at premium consoles.

What to pick for your situation

Questions

Does HDMI version affect game performance?

HDMI version affects the output resolution and refresh rate, not the console's internal performance. A console can still run games at high frame rates, but the HDMI connection limits what the TV displays.

Can I use an HDMI 2.1 cable with an HDMI 2.0 port?

Yes, HDMI cables are backwards compatible. An HDMI 2.1 cable will work with an HDMI 2.0 port, but the connection will be limited to HDMI 2.0 speeds.

Do all consoles support HDMI 2.1?

No, only newer consoles like the Xbox Series X and PlayStation 5 support HDMI 2.1. Older consoles and some budget models may only support HDMI 2.0 or earlier.

What is VRR and why does it matter?

VRR (Variable Refresh Rate) reduces screen tearing by syncing the console's output with the TV's refresh rate. It is a feature of HDMI 2.1 and is useful for games with fluctuating frame rates.